Chap T. Le, Ph.D.: Publications


A. Books

  1. Fundamentals of Biostatistical Inference
    Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1992: 272 pages.

  2. Health and Numbers: Basic Biostatistical Methods
    John Wiley and Sons, 1995: 248 pages, with J.B. Boen.

  3. Applied Survival Analysis
    John Wiley and Sons, 1997: 257 pages.

  4. Applied Categorical Data Analysis
    John Wiley and Sons, 1998: 287 pages.

  5. Health and Numbers: A Problems-Based Introduction to Biostatistics
    John Wiley and Sons, Second Edition 2001: 366 pages.

  6. Introductory Biostatistics
    John Wiley and Sons, 2003: 525 pages

  7. Statistics Quick Reference Guide for Medical Affairs
    By and For AstraZeneca (Limited Circulation), 2007: 64 pages

  8. Health and Numbers: A Problems-Based Introduction to Biostatistics
    John Wiley and Sons, Third Edition 2010: 310 pages

  9. Applied Categorical Data Analysis and Translational Research
    John Wiley and Sons, 2010: 399 pages

B. Research Articles

  1. Le C. T. A new estimator for infection rates using pools of variable size. American Journal of Epidemiology 114: 132-136, 1981.

  2. Giebink G. S., Le C. T., Cosio F. G., Spika J. S., and G. Schiffman. Serum antibody responses in high-risk children and adults to vaccination with capsular polysaccharides of streptococcus pneumoniae. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 3: S168-S178, 1981.

  3. Cosio F. G., Giebink G. S., Le C. T., and G. Schiffman. Pneumococcal vaccination in patients with chronic renal disease and renal allograft recipients. Kidney International 20: 254-258, 1981.

  4. Giebink G. S., Le C. T., and J. S. Spika. Summarized versus type-specific analysis of antibody to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 3: S43-S46, 1981.

  5. Le C. T. and M. M. Price. Survival from spinal cord injury. Journal of Chronic Diseases 35: 487-492, 1982.

  6. Sundararaj N., Le C. T., and R. B. McHugh. Estimation of the efficacy of thermal microbial disinfection. Biometrics 38: 371-376, 1982.

  7. Giebink G. S., Juhn S. K., Weber M. L., and C. T. Le. The bacteriology and cytology of chronic otitis media with effusion. Pediatric Infectious Diseases 1: 98-103, 1982.

  8. Giebink G. S. and C. T. Le. Risk of mastoiditis in typical otitis media not managed by antibiotics. The Lancet 1: 111, 1982.

  9. Meyerhoff W. L., Giebink G. S., Shea D. A., and C. T. Le. Effect of tympanostomy tubes on the pathogenesis of acute otitis media. American Journal of Otolaryngology 3: 189-195, 1982.

  10. Giebink G. S., Le C. T., and M. M. Paparella. The epidemiology of otitis media with effusion in children. Archives of Otolaryngology 108: 563-566, 1982.

  11. McDermott J. C., Giebink G. S., Le C. T., Hartford E. R., and M. M. Paparella. Children with persistent otitis media: Audiometric and tympanometric findings. Archives of Otolaryngology 109: 360-363, 1983.

  12. Giebink G. S., Heller K. A., and C. T. Le. Prediction of serous versus purulent otitis media by otoscopy and tympanometry in animal models. The Laryngoscope 93: 208-211, 1983.

  13. Le C. T. The analysis of pair-matched case-control studies. Biometrics 39: 294-295, 1983.

  14. Le C. T. and G. S. Giebink. The cefaclor-amoxicillin controversy. Pediatric Infectious Diseases 2: 263-264, 1983.

  15. Le C. T. Sample size requirements. Journal of Chronic Diseases 36: 663, 1983.

  16. Le C. T. On relative risk estimation under multiple matching. Biometrika 71: 195-196, 1984.

  17. Le C. T. Logistic models for cross-over designs. {\em Biometrika 71 216-217, 1984.

  18. Le C. T. and O. Gomez-Marin. Estimation of parameters in binomial cross-over designs. Biometrical Journal 26: 167-171, 1984.

  19. Le C. T. A symmetric bivariate binomial distribution and its applications to the analysis of clustered samples in medical research. Biometrical Journal 26: 289-294, 1984.

  20. Le C. T. A new test for cross-over clinical trials with order effects. Biometrical Journal 26: 583-587, 1984.

  21. Le C. T. and M. M. Cary. Analysis of cross-over designs with a categorical response. Biometrical Journal 26: 859-865, 1984.

  22. Giebink G. S., Batalden P. B., Russ J. N., and C. T. Le. Cefaclor versus amoxicillin in the treatment of acute otitis media. American Journal of Diseases of Children 138: 287-- 292, 1984.

  23. Yeh C., Le C. T., and R. B. McHugh. Competing risk analysis for life-table data with known observation times. Biometrical Journal 26: 111-118, 1984.

  24. McHugh R. B. and C. T. Le. Confidence estimation and the size of a clinical trial. Controlled Clinical Trials 5: 157-- 163, 1984.

  25. Giebink G. S., Le C. T., and G. Schiffman. Decline of serum antibody in splenectomized children after vaccination with pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides. Journal of Pediatrics 105: 576-582, 1984.

  26. Paparella M. M., Morizono T., Le C. T. Mancini F., Sipila P., Choo Y. B., Liden G., and C. K. Kim. Sensorineural hearing loss in otitis media. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 93: 623-629, 1984.

  27. Vesley D., Lillquist D. R., and C. T. Le. A method for evaluation of non-germicidal handwashing protocols for removal of transient microbial flora. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 49: 1067-1071, 1985.

  28. Giebink G. S., Carlson B. A., Hetherrington S. C., Hosteller M. K., Le C. T., and S. K. Juhn. Bacterial and polymorphonuclear leukocyte contribution to middle ear inflammation in chronic otitis media with effusion. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 94: 398-402, 1985.

  29. Le C. T. Testing the homogeneity of relative risk in case-control studies with multiple matching. Biometrical Journal 28: 381-383, 1986.

  30. Spika J. S., Halsey N. A., Le C. T., Fish A. J., Lum G. M., Lauer G. A., Schiffman G., and G. S. Giebink. Decline of vaccine-induced anti-pneumococcal antibody in children with nephrotic syndrome. American Journal of Kidney Disease VII-6: 466-470, 1986.

  31. Le C. T. Statistical comparison of two handwashing protocols. Statistics in Medicine 5: 593-596, 1986.

  32. Umen A. J. and C. T. Le. Prognostic factors, models and related statistical problems in the survival of end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis. Statistics in Medicine 5: 637-652, 1986.

  33. Le C. T. On testing a trend in means in one-way layout. Biometrical Journal 29: 173-180, 1987.

  34. Le C. T. Analysis of nested designs with binomially-distributed outcome variables. Biometrical Journal 29: 153-161, 1987.

  35. Canafax D. M., Savik S. K., Draxler C. A., Le C. T., Ascher N. L., Payne W. D., Sutherland D. E., Migliori R. J., Simmons R. L., Najarian J. S., and D. S. Fryd. Cox regression analysis of outcome risk factors in 519 renal allograft recipients. Transplantation Proceedings XIX: 1947-1948, 1987.

  36. Vesley D., Klapes N. A., Benzow K., and C. T. Le. Microbiological evaluation of wet and dry floor sanitation systems in hospital patient rooms. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 53: 1042-1045, 1987.

  37. Sahni R. S., Paparella M. M., Schachern P. A., Goycoolea M. V., and C. T. Le. Thickness of the human round window membrane. Archives of Otolaryngology 113: 630-634, 1987.

  38. Le C. T. and B. R. Lindgren. Computational implementation of the conditional logistic regression model in the analysis of epidemiologic matched studies. Computers and Biomedical Research 21: 48-52, 1988.

  39. Le C. T. A new rank test against ordered alternatives in $k$-sample problems. Biometrical Journal 30: 87-92, 1988.

  40. Le C. T. Testing for linear trends using correlated otolaryngology or ophthalmology data. Biometrics 44: 299-303, 1988.

  41. Daly K., Giebink G. S., Le C. T., Lindgren B. R., Batalden P. B., Anderson R. S., and J. N. Russ. Determining risk for chronic otitis media with effusion. Pediatric Infectious Diseases 7: 471-475, 1988.

  42. Morizono T., Smith R., Le C. T., Canafax D., and G. S. Giebink. Ototoxicity of topically applied drugs used in otitis media treatment. In: Recent Advances in Otitis Media: IVth International Symposium on Otitis Media With Effusion. D. J. Lim, C. D. Bluestone, J. O. Klein, J. D. Nelson (eds.), B. C. Decker Company, Philadelphia, pp. 447-449, 1988.

  43. Giebink G. S., Batalden P. B., Le C. T., Russ J. N., Knox J. K., Anderson R. S., Juhn S. K., Buran D. J., and A. E. Seltz: Randomized controlled trial comparing trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, prednisone, ibuprofen, and no treatment in chronic otitis media with effusion. In: Recent Advances in Otitis Media: IVth International Symposium on Otitis Media with Effusion. D. J. Lim, C. D. Bluestone, J. O. Klein, J. D. Nelson (eds.), B. C. Decker Company, Philadelphia, pp. 240-244, 1988.

  44. Le C. T. and B. R. Lindgren. Randomization using packaged programs. Computers and Biomedical Research 21: 593-596, 1988.

  45. Paparella M. M., Sajjadi H., Da Costa S. S., Yoon T. H., and C. T. Le. Significance of the lateral sinus and Traumann's triangle in Meniere's disease. In: Second International Symposium on Meniere's Disease. J. B. Nadol (ed.), Cambridge, MA, pp. 139-146, 1988.

  46. Canafax D. M., Nonomura N., Erdmann G. R., Le C. T. Juhn S. K., and G. S. Giebink. Experimental animal models for studying antimicrobial pharmacokinetics in otitis media. Pharmaceutical Research 6: 279-285, 1989.

  47. Pan S. H., Canafax S. M., Le C. T., Cipolle R. J., Uden D. L., and W. J. Warwick. Intravenous theophylline bronchodilates patients with cystic fibrosis: Results from a blinded placebo-controlled cross-over clinical trial. Pediatric Pulmonology 6: 172-179, 1989.

  48. Le C. T. and B. R. Lindgren. Statistical methods for determining risk factors of chronic otitis media with effusion. Statistics in Medicine 9: 1495-1500, 1990.

  49. Le C. T. A different approach to the analysis of person-years data. Biometrical Journal 32: 615-619, 1990.

  50. Giebink G. S., Batalden P. B., Le C. T., Lassman F. M., Buran D. J., and A. E. Seltz. A controlled trial comparing three treatments for chronic otitis media with effusion. Pediatric Infectious Diseases 9: 33-40, 1990.

  51. Connett J. E., Rhame F., Thomas J., and C. T. Le. Estimation of infectious potential of blood containing human immunodeficiency virus. Biometrical Journal 32: 781-789, 1990.

  52. Jossart G. H., Erdmann G. R., Levitt D. G., Kucera P., Le C. T., Juhn S. K., Giebink G. S., and D. M. Canafax. An experimental model for measuring middle ear antimicrobial drug penetration in otitis media. Pharmaceutical Research 7: 1242-1247, 1990.

  53. Le C. T. Letter to the Editor. BMDP Communications 23(1): 10, 1990.

  54. Zelterman D. and C. T. Le. Tests of homogeneity for the relative risk in multiply-matched case-control studies. Biometrics 47: 751-756, 1991.

  55. Le C. T. Lindgren B. R., Zelterman D. and A. J. Umen. Homogeneity of the relative risk in cohort studies. Statistics in Medicine 10: 1267-1272, 1991.

  56. Le C. T. The relationship between two statistical tests for the comparison of two exponential distributions. Biometrical Journal 33: 369-372, 1991.

  57. Le C. T. Letter to the Editor. The American Statistician 45: 171, 1991.

  58. Daly K., Giebink G. S., Batalden P. B., Anderson R. S., Le C. T., and B. R. Lindgren. Resolution of otitis media with effusion using a stepped treatment regimen of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and prednisone. Pediatric Infectious Diseases 10: 500-506, 1991.

  59. Levine S. C., Antonelli P. J., Le C. T., and S. J. Haines. Relative value of diagnostic tests for small acoustic neuromas. American Journal of Otology 12: 341-345, 1991.

  60. Yoon T. H., Paparella M. M., Schachern P. A., and C. T. Le. Cellular changes in Reiner's membrane in endolymphatic hydrops. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Otolaryngology 100: 288-293, 1991.

  61. Le C. T. and D. Zelterman. Tests of goodness of fit for Cox's proportional hazards regression models. Biometrical Journal 34: 557-566, 1992.

  62. Le C. T., Daly K. A., Margolis R. H., Lindgren B. R., and G. S. Giebink. A clinical profile of otitis media. Archives of Otolaryngology 118: 1225-1228, 1992.

  63. Giebink G. S., Koskela K., Vella P. P., Harris M., and C. T. Le. Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide-meningococcal outer membrane protein complex conjugate vaccines: Immunogeneity and efficacy in experimental pneumococcal otitis media. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 167: 347-355, 1993.

  64. Le C. T., Grambsch P. M., Zelterman D., and B. R. Lindgren. Evaluation of staging systems for colorectal cancer. Biometrical Journal 35: 701-705, 1993.

  65. Daly K. A., Giebink G. S., Margolis R. H., Le C. T., Westover D. E., Juhn S. K. and D. Buran. Chronic otitis media with effusion morbidity in a prospective cohort: Risk determinants for short-term outcomes in children treated with tympanostomy tubes. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media. Lim D. J., Bluestone C. D., Klein J. O., Nelson J. D. and P. L. Ogra (eds), Decker Periodicals, pp. 7-11, 1993.

  66. Jossart G. H., Erdmann G. R., Le C. T., Juhn S. K., Giebink G. S., and D. M. Canafax. Effect of pH and protein binding on middle ear antimicrobial drug penetration. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media. Lim D. J., Bluestone C. D., Klein J. )., Nelson J. D. and P. L. Ogra (eds), Decker Periodicals, pp. 446-449, 1993.

  67. Juhn S. K., Lees C., Amesara R., Kim Y., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of otitis media. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media. Lim D. J., Bluestone C. D., Klein J. )., Nelson J. D. and P. L. Ogra (eds), Decker Periodicals, pp. 431-434, 1993.

  68. Westover D. W., Daly K. A., Margolis R. H., Le C. T., Juhn S. K., Buran D., and G. S. Giebink. Chronic otitis media with effusion morbidity in a prospective cohort: Study design implications and a preliminary report of long-term outcomes in children treated with tympanostomy tubes. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media. Lim D. J., Bluestone C. D., Klein J. )., Nelson J. D. and P. L. Ogra (eds), Decker Periodicals, pp.~11-14, 1993.

  69. Le C. T. A test for linear trend in constant hazards and its application to a problem in occupational health. Biometrics 49: 1220-1224, 1993.

  70. Antonelli P. J., Juhn S. K., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Acute otitis media increases middle ear susceptibility to nasal infection of pneumonia aeruginosa. Archives of Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery 110: 115-121, 1994.

  71. Le C. T. and P. M. Grambsch. Tests of association between survival time and a continuous covariate. Communications in Statistics: Theory and Methods 23: 1009-1019, 1994.

  72. Le C. T., Grambsch P. M., and T. A. Louis. Association between survival time and ordinal covariates. Biometrics 50: 213-219, 1994.

  73. Le C. T., Lindgren B. R., Daly K. A., and G. S. Giebink. Treatment evaluation in otitis media research. Archives of Otolaryngology 120: 507-509, 1994.

  74. Le C. T., Hunter L. L., Margolis R. H., Daly K. A., Lindgren B. R., and G. S. Giebink. A clinical profile of otitis media without an intact tympanic membrane. Archives of Otolaryngology 120: 513-516, 1994.

  75. Zelterman D., Grambsch P. M., Le C. T., Ma Z. and J. W. Curtsinger. Piecewise exponential survival curves with smooth transitions. Mathematical Biosciences 120: 233-250, 1994.

  76. Le C. T. Some tests for linear trend of variances. Communications in Statistics: Theory and Methods 23: 2269-2282, 1994.

  77. Canafax D. M., Russlie H., Lovdahl M. J., Erdman G. R., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Comparison of two otitis media models for the study of middle ear antimicrobial pharmacokinetics. Pharmaceutical Research 11: 855-859, 1994.

  78. Juhn S.K., Garvis W.J., Lees C.J., Le C. T., Kim C.S. Determining otitis media severity from middle ear fluid analysis. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology 103S: 43-54,1994.

  79. Le C. T. and B. R. Lindgren. Construction and comparison of two receiving operating characteristic curves derived from the same samples. Biometrical Journal 37: 869-877, 1995.

  80. Daly K. A., Giebink G. S., Lindgren B., Margolis R. H., Westover D., Hunter L. L., Le C. T., and D. Buran. A randomized trial of the efficacy of sulfatrimethoprim and prednisone in preventing post-tympanostomy tube morbidity. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 14: 1068-1074, 1995.

  81. Lee C. S., Paparella M. M., Margolis R. H., and C. T. Le. Audiology profiles and Meniere's disease. Ear, Nose, and Throad Journal 74: 527-532, 1995.

  82. Giebink G. S., Meier J. D., Quartey M.K., Liebeler C. L., and C. T. Le. Immunogenicity and efficacy of {\em Streptococcus pneumoniae} polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines against homologous vaccine serotypes in the chinchilla model. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 173: 119-127, 1996.

  83. Zelterman D., Le C. T., and T. A. Louis . Bootstrap techniques for proportional hazards models with censored observations. Statistics and Computing. 6: 191-199, 1996.

  84. Le C. T. and B. R. Lindgren. Duration of Ventilating Tubes: A test for comparing two clustered samples of censored data. Biometrics 52: 328-334, 1996.

  85. Sato K., Quartey M. K., Liebeler C. L., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Roles of autolysin and pneumolysin in middle ear inflammation caused by a type 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain in chinchilla otitis media model. Infection and Immunity 64: 1140-1145, 1996.

  86. Hunter L.L., Margolis R. H., Rykken J. R., Le C. T., Daly K. A., and G. S. Giebink. Extended high frequency hearing loss associated with otitis media. Ear and Hearing 17: 1-11, 1996.

  87. Kasemsuwan L., Schachern P., Papparella M. M., and C. T. Le. Residual Mesenchyme in Temperal Bones of Children. Laryngoscope 106: 1040-1043, 1996.

  88. Daly K. A., Rich S. S., Levine S., Margolis R. H., Le C. T., Lindgren B., and G. S. Giebink. The family Study of Otitis Media: Disease and Risk Factor Profiles Among Parents and Children. Genetic Epidemiology 15: 451-468, 1996.

  89. Bilgin H., Kasemsuwan L., Haluk B., Schachern P., Papparella M. M., and C. T. Le. Temporal Bone Study of Down's Syndrome. Archives of Otolaryngology 122: 271-275, 1996.

  90. Braun B. L., Murray D., Hannan P., Sidney S., Flack J. M., and C. T. Le. Cocaine use and characteristics of young adult users from 1987 to 1992: The CARDIA study. American Journal of Public Health 86: 1736-1741, 1996.

  91. Le C. T. and B. R. Lindgren. Interactions between otoscopic findings and tympanometric measurements in the diagnosis of otitis media with effusion. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media: 151-153, 1996.

  92. Hunter L.L., Margolis R. H., G. S. Giebink, Schmitz J. L., Le C. T., and K. A. Daly. Long-term prospective study of hearing loss in children after tympanostomy tube treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media: 383-386, 1996.

  93. Giebink G. S., Daly K. A., Lindgren B. R. Hunter L.L., Westover D., Grant S., and C. T. Le. Seven-year prospective study of tympanic membrane pathology after tympanostomy tube treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media; 380-383, 1996.

  94. Sato K., Quartey M. K., Liebeler C. L., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Streptococcus pneumoniae cell wall products and pneumolysin contribute to middle ear inflammation. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media: 486-489, 1996.

  95. Antonelli P. J., Juhn S. K., Kubilis K., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Correlation of middle ear effusion biochemical parameters with clinical outcomes. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media: 561-564, 1996.

  96. Liebeler C. L., Daly K. A., Muggli M. E., Le C. T., Alward C., and A. Rzepka. A pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: immunogenicity in infants and antiboby persistence to age two years. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media: 495-498, 1996.

  97. Gerberich S. G., Gibson R. W., Fife D., Mandel J. S., Aeppli D., Le C. T., Maxwell R., Rolnick S. J., Renier C., Burlew M., and R. Matross. Effects of Brain Injury on College Academic Performance. Neuro-epidemiology 16: 1-14, 1997.

  98. Le C. T. . Evaluation of confounding effects in ROC studies. Biometrics 53: 998-1007, 1997.

  99. Salazar J. C., Daly K. A., Giebink G. S., Lindgren B. R., Liebler C. L., Meland M., and C. T. Le. Low Cord Blood Pneumococcal IgG Antibodies Predict Early Onset Acute Otitis Media in Infancy. American Journal of Epidemiology 145: 1048-1056, 1997.

  100. Clohisy D. R., Le C. T., and A. J. Umen. Measuring health status in patients with skeletal metastases treated by surgery. American Journal of Clinical Oncology 20: 424-428, 1997.

  101. Kayhan F. T., Metlu C., Schachern P. A., Le, C. T. ,and M. M. Paparella. Significance of Epidemoid formations in the middle ear. Archives of Otolaryngology 123: 1293-1297, 1997.

  102. Sone M., Papparella M. M., Schachern P. A., Morizono N., Le C. T., and Lin J. Expression of glycoconjugates in human eutachian tubes with Otitis Media. The Laryngoscope 108: 1474-1479, 1998.

  103. Hudson W. A., Li Q., Le C. T., and J. H. Kersey. Xenotransplantation of human lymphoid malignancies is optimized in mice with multiple immunologic defects. Leukemia 12: 2029-2033, 1998.

  104. Le C. T., Conlon E. M., and B. R. Lindgren. Comparison of treatments for Otitis Media using multiple diagnostic methods. In IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications: Diagnosis and Prediction, 114: 1-6, 1999; edited by Seymour Geisser and published by Spring-Verlag.

  105. Jaisinghani V.J., Paparella M. M., Schachern P. A., and C. T. Le. Tympanic membrane and Middle ear pathologic correlates in chronic otitis media. The Laryngoscope 109: 712 - 716, 1999
  106. Jaisinghani V.J., Schneider D. S., Paparella M. M., Schachern P. A., and C. T. Le. Residual mesenchyme persisting into adulthood. American Journal of Otolaryngology 20: 363-370, 1999.

  107. Daly K. A., Brown, J. E., Lindgren, B. R., Meland, M. H., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Epidemiology of Otitis Media Onset by six months of Age. Pediatrics 103: 1158-1166, 1999

  108. Sato K., Liebeler C. L., Quartey M. K., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Middle ear fluid cytokine and inflammatory cell kinetics in the chinchilla otitis media model. Infection and Immunity 67: 1943-1945, 1999.

  109. Clohisy D. R., Le C. T., Chen E. Y., Dykes D. C., and R. C. Thompson. Evaluation of the feasibility of and results of measuring health status changes in patients undergoing surgical treatment for skeletal metastases. Journal of orthopaedic Research 18: 1-9, 2000.

  110. Lockhart N., Liebeler C. L., Daly K. A., Lindgren B. R., Le C. T., and G. S. Giebink. Low cord blood type 14 pneumococcal IgG1 but not IgG2 anitibody predicts early infant otitis media. Journal Infectious Diseases 1979-1982, 2000.

  111. Shen W. and C. T. Le. Linear rank tests for censored survival data. Communications in Statistics: Simulation and Computation 29: 21-36, 2000.

  112. Kawano H., Paparella M. M., Ho S. B., Schachern P. A., Morizono N., Le C. T., and Jizhen Lin. Identification of MUC5B mucin gene in human middle ear with chronic otitis media. Laryngoscope 110: 668-673, 2000.

  113. Garcia-Aguilar J., Davey C. S., Le C. T., Lowry A. C., and D. A. Rothenberger. Patient satisfaction after surgical treatment for Fistula-In-Ano. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum 43: 1206-12, 2000.

  114. Yildirim N., Sone M., Mutlu C., Schachern P.A., Paparella M.M., and C. T. Le. Histopathologic features of the temporal bone in patients with cystic fibrosis. Archives of Otolaryngology 126: 75-78, 2000.

  115. Tekin M., Mutlu C., Paparella M. M., Schachern P. A., Jaisinghani V.J., and C. T. Le. Tympanic membrane and middle ear pathologic correlates in mucoid otitis media. Archives of Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery 123: 258-262, 2000.

  116. Anderson K. E., Carmella S. G., Ming Y., Bliss R. L., Le C. T., Murphy L., and S. S. Hecht. Metabolites of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen in the urine of nonsmoking women exposed to enviromental tobacco smoke in their homes. Journal of The National Cancer Institute 93: 378-381, 2001.

  117. Pan W. and C. T. Le. Bootstrap model selection in generalized linear models. Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics 6: 49-61, 2001.

  118. Qiu P. and C. T. Le. ROC curve estimation based on local smoothing. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation 70: 55-69, 2001.

  119. Pan, W., Lin, J. and C. T. Le. Model-Based Cluster Analysis of Microarray Gene Expression Data. Genome Biology 3(2): 1-8, 2002.

  120. Tsuboi Y., Kim Y., Giebink G. S., Le C. T., Paparella M.M., Schachern P.A., Juhn S.K., and J. Lin. Induction of mucous cell metaplasia in the middle ear of rats using a three-step method: an improved model for otitis media with mucoid effusion. Acta Otolaryngology 122:153-60, 2002.

  121. Tekin M., Schachern P. A., Mutlu C., Jaisinghani V. J., Paparella M. M., and C. T. Le. Purulent otitis media in children and adults. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 259: 67-72, 2002

  122. Thompson Jr R. C., Cheng E. Y., Clohisy D. R., Perentesis J., Manivel C., and C. T. Le. Results of treatment for metastatic osteosarcoma with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. Clin Orthop 397: 240-247, 2002

  123. Pan, W., Lin, J. and C. T. Le. How many replicates of arrays are required to detect gene expression changes in microarray experiments? A mixture model approach. Genome Biology 3(5): 1-10, 2002.

  124. Le C. T., Skeans M., and B. R. Lindgren. Predicting disease status using paired ear data. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media; 187-188, 2002.

  125. Giebink G. S., Daly K. A., Lindgren B. R., Le C. T., Hunter L. L., and R. H. Margolis. Middle ear fluid cytokines and clinical factors predict chronic otitis media with effusion outcome after tympanostomy tubes. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media.; 347-349, 2002.

  126. Giebink G. S., Englund J., Le C. T., and P. Glezen. Pneumococcal conjugate vs. polysaccharide vaccine in women of childbearing age: Antibody response and persistence over one year. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media; 441-443, 2002.

  127. Le C. T., Liu P., Lindgren B. R., Daly K. A., and G. S. Giebink. Some statistical methods for investigating the date of birth as a disease indicator. Statistics in Medicine 22: 2127-2135, 2003.

  128. Le C. T., Grambsch P. M., and G. S. Giebink. Quality control and the identification of vaccine responders using ELISA-derived antibody data. Statistics in Medicine 22: 2935-2942, 2003.

  129. Hatsukami D. K., Edmonds A., Schulte S., Jensen J., Le C. T., Losey L., Carmella S. G., and S. S. Hecht. Priliminary study on reducing oral moist snuff use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 70: 215-220, 2003.

  130. Pan, W., Lin, J. and C. T. Le. A mixture model approach to detecting differentially expressed genes with microarray data. Functional and Integrative Genomics 3: 117-124,2003.

  131. Le C. T. Statistical Methods for the Comparison of Crossing Survival Curves. Chapter 15, pp. 277-289 in Handbook of Statistics, Volume 23: Survival Analysis, edited by N. Balakrishnan and C. R. Rao. Elsevier B.V., 2004

  132. Hecht S. S., Murphy S. E. , Carmella S. G. , Zimmerman C. L. , Losey L., Kramarczuk I., Roe M. R., Puumala S. S., Li Y. S., Le C. T., Jensen J., Hatsukami D. K. Effects of reduced cigarette smoking on the uptake of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96: 107-15, 2004.

  133. Hecht S. S., Carmella S. G., Le K., Murphy S. E. , Li Y. S., Le C. T. , Jensen J, and Hatsukami DK. Effects of reduced cigarette smoking on levels of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 13: 834-42, 2004.

  134. Hatsukami D. K., Lemmonds C., Zhang Y., Murphy S. E., Le C. T. , Carmella S. G., and Hecht S. S. Evaluation of carcinogen exposure to people who used "reduced risk" tobacco products. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96: 844-852, 2004.

  135. Murphy S. E., Link C. A., Jensen J., Le C. T. , Puumala S. S., Hecht S. S., Carmella S. G., Losey L., and D. K. Hatsukami. A comparison of urinary biomarkers and carcinogen exposure in smokers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 13: 1617-23, 2004.

  136. Hatsukami D.K., Kotlyar M., Allen S., Jensen J., Li Y.S., Le C.T., and Murphy S.E. Effects of cigarette reduction on cardiovascular risk factors and respiratory symptoms. Chest 128: 2528--2537, 2005.

  137. Hecht S. S., Murphy S. E., Carmella S. G., Li S., Jensen J, Le C. T., Joseph A. M., and D. K. Hatsukami. Similar uptake of lung carcinogens by smokers of regular, light, and ultra-light cigarettes. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 14(3): 693--698, 2005.

  138. Hecht S. S., Chen M., Yoder A., Jensen J., Hatsukami D., Le C. T., and S. G. Carmella. Longitudinal Study of Urinary Phenanthrene Metabolite Ratios: Effect of Smoking on the Diol Epoxide Pathway. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 14(12): 2969--2974, 2005.

  139. Joseph A. M., Hecht S. S., Murphy S. E., Carmella S. G., Le C. T., Zhang Y, Han S., and D. K. Hatsukami. Relationships Between Cigarette Consumption and Biomarkers of Tobacco Toxin Exposure. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 14(12): 2963--2968, 2005.

  140. Keyler D.E., Dufek M.B., Calvin A.D., Bramwell T.J., LeSage M.G., Raphael D.E., Ross C.A., Le C. T., and P.R. Pentel. Reduced nicotine distribution from mother to fetal brain in rats vaccinated against nicotine: Time course and influence of nicotine dosing regimen. Biochemical Pharmacology 69: 1385-1395, 2005.

  141. Keyler D.E., Roiko S.A., Benlhabib E., LeSage M.G., St Peter J.V., Stewart S., Fuller S., Le C. T., and P.R. Pentel. Monoclonal nicotine-specific antibodies reduce nicotine distribution to brain in rats: Dose- and affinity-response relationships. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 33: 1056-1061, 2005.

  142. Le C. T. and P. M. Grambsch. Design and Analysis of In Vitro Experiments for Combination Chemotherapy. Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics 15(1): 179--186, 2005.

  143. Le C. T., Grambsch P. M., and Liu A. Estimation of cancer drug potencies and relative potencies from In Vitro Data. Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics 15(6): 903--912, 2005.

  144. Meisamy S., Bolan P. J., Baker E. H., Pollema M. G., Le C. T., Kelcz F., Lechner M. C., Luikens B. A., Carlson R. A., Brandt K. R., Amrami K. K., Nelson M. T., Everson L. I., Emory T., Tuttle T. M., Yee D., and M. G. Garwood. The value of adding quantitative 1-H MRS for improving diagnostic accuracy of breast MRI: preliminary results from an observer performance study at 4 Tesla. Radiology 236(2): 465-475, 2005.

  145. Miller J. S., Soignier Y., Panoskaltsis-Maortari A., McNearny S., Yun G., Fautsch S., McKenna D., Le C. T., Defor T., Burns L., Orchard P., Blazar B. R., Slungaard A., Weisdorf D., Okazaki I., and P. B. McGlave. Successful adoptive transfer and in vivo expansion of human haploidentical NK cells in cancer patients. Blood 105(8): 3051--3057, 2005.

  146. Miller J. S., Curtsinger J., Berthold M., Malvey K., Bliss R. L., Le C. T., Fautsch S. K., Dudek A. Z., Blazar B. R., Panoskaltsis-Mortari A. Diminished neo-antigen response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) vaccines in patients after treatment with chemotherapy or hematopoietic cell transplantation. Clinical Immunology 117(2): 144--151, 2005.

  147. Hatsukami D. K., Le C. T., Zhang Y., Joseph A. M., Mooney M. E., Carmella S. G., and S. S. Hecht. Toxicant exposure in cigarette reducers versus light smokers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 15(12): 2355--2358, 2006.

  148. Hecht S. S., Carmella S. G., Le K. A., Murphy S. E., Boettcher A. J., Le C. T., Koopmeiners J., and D. J. Hennrikus. 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butonol and its glucuronides in the urine of infants exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 15(5): 988--992, 2006.

  149. Hecht S. S., Carmella S. G., Yoder A., Chen M., Li Z., Le C. T., Jensen J., and D. K. Hatsukami. Comparison of Polymorphisms in Genes involved in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolism with Urinary Phenanthrene Metabolite Ratios in Smokers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 15(10): 1805--1811, 2006.

  150. Le C. T. A Solution for the most basic Optimization Problem associated with an ROC Curve. Statistical Methods in Medical Research 15(6): 571--584, 2006.

  151. LeSage M.G., Keyler D.E., Hieda Y., Collins G., Burroughs D., Le C. T., and P.R. Pentel. Effects of a nicotine vaccine on the acquisition and maintenance of nicotine self-administration in rats. Psychopharmacology 184: 409--416, 2006.

  152. Pentel P. R., Keyler D. E., Chen Y., LeSage M. G., Dufek M. B., Le C. T., and F. M. Leslie. Vaccination against nicotine does not prevent nicotine-induced changes in fetal nicotinic receptor binding and cfos mRNA expression in rats. Neurotoxicology Teratology 28(5): 589--596, 2006.

  153. Djalilian H. R., Caicedo E., Lessan K., Grami V., Le C. T., Spellman S. R., Pambuccian S., Hall W. A., Low W. C., and F. G. Ondrey. Efficacy of an osmotic pump delivered, GM-CSF-based tumor vaccine in the treatment of upper aerodigestive squamous cell carcinoma in rats. Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy 56(8): 1207--1214, 2007

  154. Hatsukami D. K., Joseph A. M., LeSage M., Murphy S. E., Pentel P., Kotlyar M., Borgida E., {\bf Le C. T.}, and S. S. Hecht. The science base for reducing tobacco harm reduction. {\em Nicotine and Tobacco Research} 9: S537--S553, 2007.

  155. Hatsukami D. K., Ebbert J., Anderson, A., Lin H., Le C. T., and S. S. Hecht. Smokeless tobacco brand switching: A means to reduce toxicant exposure? Drug and Alcohol Dependence 87(2): 217--224, 2007.

  156. Hecht S. S., Carmella S. G., Murphy S. E., Riley W. T., Le C. T., Luo X., Mooney M., and D. K. Hatsukami. Similar exposure to a tobacco-specific carcinogen in smokeless tobacco users and cigarette smokers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 16(8): 1567-1572, 2007.

  157. Kirsten M. N., Weiman K. M., Williams B. W., Fisher J. E., Marker, P. H., Le C. T., Yee D., and R. A. Kratzke. Short versus continuous gemcitabine treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in an in vitro cell culture bioreactor system. Lung Cancer 58: 196-204, 2007.

  158. Margolis R. H., Saly G. L., Le C. T., and J. Laurence. Qualid: A method for assessing the accuracy of automated tests. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 18(1): 78-80, 2007.

  159. Mendoza-Baumgart M. I., Hecht S. S., Zhang Y., Murphy S. E., Le C. T., Jensen J., and D. K. Hatsukami. Pilot study on lower nitrosamine smokeless tobacco products compared to medicinal nicotine. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 9: 1309--1323, 2007.

  160. Sinha A. A., Morgan J. L., Buus R. J., Ewing S. L., Fernandes E. T., Le C. T., and M. J. Wilson. Cathepsin B expression is similar in African-American and Caucasian prostate cancer patients. Anticancer Research 27: 3135--3141, 2007.

  161. Hatsukami D. K., Ebbert J. O., Edmonds A., Li C., Lin H., Le C. T., and S. S. Hecht. Smokeless Tobacco Reduction: Tobacco-free snuff versus no snuff. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 10(1): 77--85, 2008.

  162. Joseph A. M., Hecht S. S., Murphy S. E., Lando H., Carmella S. G., Gross M., Bliss R., Le C. T. , and D. K. Hatsukami. Smoking reduction fails to improve clinical and biological biomarkers of cardiac disease: a randomized controlled trial. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 10(3): 471--481), 2008.

  163. Mooney M., Murphy S., Pentel P., Le C. T., and D. K. Hatsukami. Stability of Nicotine Metabolite Ratio in Ad Libitum and Reducing Smokers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 17(6): 1396-1400, 2008.

  164. Majhail N. S., Brunstein C. G., McAlvoy S., DeFor T. E., Al-Hazzouri A., Setuba D., Arora M., Le C. T., Wagner J. E., and D. J. Weisdoff. Does the hematopoietic cell transplantation specific comorbility index predict transplantation outcomes? A validation study in a large cohort of umbilical cord blood and matched related donor transplants. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 14: 985-992, 2008.

  165. Sinha A. A., Morgan J. L., Betre K., Wilson M. J., Le C. T., and L. S. Marks. Cathepsin B expression in prostate cancer of Japanese and Japanese-American patients: An Immunohistochemical Study. Anticancer Research 28: 2271--2278, 2008.

  166. Church T. R., Anderson K. E., Caporaso N. E., Geisser M. S., Le C. T., Zhang Y., Benoit A. R., Carmella S. G., and S. S. Hecht. A prospectively measured serum biomarker for a tobacco-specific carcinogen and lung cancer in smokers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 18(1): 260-266, 2009.

  167. Cooley S., Trachtenberg E., Gergemann T. L., Saeteurn K., Klein J., Le C. T., Marsh S. G., Guethlein L. A., Parham P., Miller J. S., and D. J. Weisdorf. Donors with group B KIR haplotypes improve relapse-free survival after unrelated hemmtopoietic cell transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia. Blood 113(3): 726-732, 2009.

  168. Williams B. W., Chang J. J., Chi R. M., Marker P. H., Frethem C. D., Le C. T., Kratzke R. A., and M. N. Kirstein. Cap-dependent translation blockade and fixed dose-rate gemcitabine: Interaction in an In Vitro bioreactor system. Cancer Letters 284(1): 37-46, 2009.

  169. Qian J. Q., Bostwick D.G., Iczkowski K. A., Betre K., Wilson M. J., Le C. T., and A. A. Sinha. Characterization of prostate cancer in needle biopsy by Cathepsin B, cell profiferation, and DNA ploidy. Anticancer Research 30(3): 719-725, 2010.

  170. Church T. R., Anderson K. E., Le C. T., Zhang Y., Kampa D. M., Benoit A. R., Yoder A. R., Carmella S. G., and S. S. Hecht. Temporal stability of urinary and plasma biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure among cigarette smokers. Biomarkers 15(4): 345-352, 2010.

  171. DeFor T. E., Majhail N. S., Weisdorf D. J., Brunstein C. G., McAlvoy S., Arora M., and C. T. Le. A modified comorbidity index for hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 45(5): 933-938, 2010.

  172. De Jong E. P., Xie H., Onsongo G., Stone M. D., Chen X., Kooren J. A., Refsland E. W., Griffion R. J., Ondrey F. G., Wu B., Le C. T., Rhodus N. L., Carlis J. V., and T. J. Griffin. Quantitative proteomics reveals myosin and actin as promising saliva biomarkers for distinguishing pre-malignant and malignant oral lesions. PloS ONE 5(6): e11148, 2010.

  173. Hui S. K., Khalil A., Zhang Y., Coghill K., Le C. T., Froelich J., Yee D., and L. Downs. Longitudinal assessment of bone loss in gynecologic patients treated with chemotherapy and radiation. Obstetrics and Gynecology 203(4): 353e1-7, 2010.

  174. Cooley S., Weisdorf D. J., Guethlein L. A., Klein J. P., Wang T., Le C. T., Marsh S. G. E., Geraghty D., Spellman S., Haagenson M. D., Ladner M., Trachtenberg E., Parham P., and J. S. Miller. Donor selection for natural killer cell receptor genes leads to superior survival after unrelated transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia. Blood 116(14): 2411-2419, 2010.